Solar batteries have a specific purpose and use: storing electrical energy, primarily generated by solar panels during the daytime sunshine. This energy is then used later in the evening after sunset. This method is used in some photovoltaic systems, which are independent of the grid, where a battery is used with the poles. In the case of pumps, they do not require stored energy and rely on daytime irrigation. Car batteries should not be used in some photovoltaic systems, as car batteries fail after a short period of time, as they are not designed to provide a large amount of electrical charge in such a short period.
Types of solar batteries
The first type is called a flooded lead acid battery (FLA):
This type has a lead plate completely covered with an electrolytic liquid. This name was given because the liquid must be changed at a specific interval (like a car battery). This type is very old, with a lifespan ranging from 100 to 500 AH, while its lifespan is about ten years.
The second type is called non-flooded batteries, also known as VRLA – Valve Regulated Lead Acid:
This type is considered one of the most popular types and usually does not require changing the liquid material inside, which is different from the first type, which is submerged. It is characterized by being maintenance-free, in addition to the fact that it releases a lot of hydrogen gas. This battery is considered uncomplicated in terms of installation, as it is easy to move from one place to another, and simple in terms of installation and repair. There are three different types of this type. The first type is called WET, and in this type you can perform about 500 stages of discharging to half the value of the charge inside it. This type is specifically designed for marine uses, but some use it in the field of photovoltaics. It is also a very economical and economical type.
The third type is AGM, short for Absorbed Glass Mat:
It is a type of non-flooded battery, and consists of a liquid that can be absorbed into a sponge mat.
The fourth type is Gel: It is considered a type of non-flooded batteries.
How to connect a solar battery array
- It is essential that all batteries are of the same type and preferably in the same condition as much as possible, as this greatly improves safety and performance.
- The array is created by high-speed series and parallel connection until the required amperage is achieved according to the charging specifications.
- The series connection section includes connecting the positive (+) terminal of one battery to the negative terminal of the corresponding batteries.
- The positive (+) terminal of the first battery is connected to the negative terminal of the last battery before connecting it to the charging controllers.
Solar battery prices
Newmax: Its lifespan is estimated at approximately 1,500 recharges, and it is used in some solar applications. It is manufactured by the largest Korean company and has received numerous international quality and proficiency certifications.
Warranty period: two full years against manufacturing defects.
Common mistakes in using batteries
- The direct connection process greatly affects the overall battery capacity, significantly reducing its lifespan.
- If the battery is overloaded, it will discharge at a rapid rate.
- If you use a 200 amp-hour battery with an air conditioner that has a power output of up to 1200 watts, this will result in approximately 100 amps being drawn once every hour, which will cause the battery to wear out very quickly.
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